Introduction to EAR

The EAR Toolbox

Dealing with EAR data

Getting started with EAR

How to use this Handbook

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1 Introduction to EAR

1.1Introduction to Ethnographic Action Research

1.1.1Building an action research cycle

1.1.2Benefits of using the EAR approach in your initiative

1.1.3How EAR works

1.2Communicative Ecology

1.2.1Key questions to understand a local communicative ecology

1.2.2Why study local communicative ecologies?

1.3Principles, methods and techniques

1.3.1Ethnography

1.3.2Participatory Techniques

1.3.3Action research

1.4Key questions and processes

1.4.1The four key questions

1.4.2Broad and Targeted Research

1.4.3Broad research

1.4.4Targeted research

1.4.5EAR and Monitoring and Evalutation (M&E)

1.4.6The Ethnographic Action Research process

1.5Research culture and ethics

1.5.1Getting the most out of Ethnographic Action Research

1.5.2Being a socio-cultural animator

1.5.3Developing a research culture

1.5.4Research Ethics

2 The EAR Toolbox

2.1Introduction to the EAR toolbox and key tools

2.2Participant observation and field notes

2.2.1Field Notes

2.3Interviews:In-depth and group

2.3.1In-depth interviews

2.3.2Group Interviews

2.4Participatory techniques

2.4.1Maps and diagrams

2.4.2Grouping, ranking and comparing

2.4.3Sequencing, calendars and charts

2.5Short questionnaire based surveys

2.6Diaries, feedback and ‘self-documentation’

2.6.1Feedback for monitoring

3 Dealing with EAR data

3.1Dealing with EAR Data

3.2Documenting data

3.3Organising data: labelling and coding

3.4Analysing data: Managing codes, developing themes

3.5Research findings, planning and action

4 Getting started with EAR

4.1Introduction

4.2Research planning

4.3Considering resources for research

4.4Getting Started

4.5Frequently asked Questions, and tips from EAR Researchers

How to use this Handbook

How to usethis EAR handbook

Trainers notesIntroduction to EAR

Trainers notesEAR Toolbox

Trainers notesDealing with EAR Data

Trainers notesGetting Started

Contact

Acknowledgement

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